When the fields turn soggy and gateways resemble puddles, mud fever becomes a real headache for horse owners. This skin condition can cause discomfort, swelling, and even lameness if left unchecked. So, how do you keep your horse’s legs safe when winter brings endless mud?
What is mud fever?
Mud fever, also known as pastern dermatitis, is a non-contagious skin infection that usually affects the lower legs. It starts when the skin’s natural barrier breaks down, allowing bacteria to invade. Typical signs include:
- Scabs and crusty patches
- Hair loss around the pastern or fetlock
- Oozing discharge
- Heat, swelling, and sometimes lameness
Although most cases appear on the legs, similar infections can occur on other parts of the body, often called rain scald.
Why prevention matters
Wet, muddy conditions soften the skin, making it vulnerable to bacteria. Horses with white legs, fine skin, or compromised immunity are particularly at risk. Add in mites or fungal infections, and the problem can escalate quickly. Preventing mud fever is far easier than treating it, and it saves your horse from unnecessary discomfort.
Practical prevention strategies
1. Manage turnout conditions
- Rotate grazing areas to avoid poached fields.
- Lay hardcore or rubber mats in high-traffic spots like gateways and around water troughs.
- Fence off deep mud patches to reduce exposure.
2. Daily leg care
- Don’t scrub legs every time they’re muddy. Let mud dry and brush it off gently.
- If washing is unavoidable, use lukewarm water and dry thoroughly with a clean towel.
- Check legs daily for scabs or irritation so you can act early.
3. Protective measures
- Apply barrier creams before turnout, but only on clean, dry skin.
- Consider turnout boots for extra protection, ensuring they fit well and don’t rub.
- Clip feathers if they trap mud and moisture but do so carefully to avoid nicks.
4. Address underlying issues
- Treat mites or fungal infections promptly.
- Support immune health with balanced nutrition and good management practices.
Extra tips for winter management
- Keep stables well-bedded and dry.
- Avoid harsh grooming or excessive washing, which can strip natural oils.
- Use electric fencing to keep horses out of deep mud.
- Consider supplements that promote healthy skin and coat.
When to call the vet
If scabs worsen, swelling develops, or your horse becomes lame, it’s time to seek veterinary advice. Untreated mud fever can lead to serious complications like cellulitis or lymphangitis, so don’t delay.
Conclusion
Preventing mud fever is all about reducing wet exposure, gentle leg care, and staying vigilant. A few small changes to your winter routine can make a big difference to your horse’s comfort and health.
Protect your horse with the right cover
Even with the best care, unexpected vet bills can happen. Having the right equine insurance means you can act quickly without worrying about costs. At Howden, we offer tailored horse insurance that covers veterinary fees, accidental injuries, and more.